The Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Russian Empire and Japan over control of Korea and Manchuria. It began in 1904, when Japan launched a surprise attack on the Russian fleet at Port Arthur. For the first time in modern history, an Asian power defeated a European empire. Major battles like Liaoyang, Mukden, and the naval Battle of Tsushima showed Japan’s growing military might. The war ended with the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905, brokered by U.S. Pres

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