The human genome has to be carefully organized so it will fit inside of the nuclei of cells, while also remaining accessible ...

DNA doesn’t just sit still inside our cells — it folds, loops, and rearranges in ways that shape how genes behave.

This image depicts the chemical structure of cytosine. It shows a hexagonal ring with nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, and a primary amine group attached to carbon 4. The two remaining positions ...

DNA–protein cross-links (DPCs) represent a severe form of DNA damage that can disrupt essential chromatin-based processes. Among them, DNA–histone cross-links (DHCs) occur frequently within ...

Nucleic acids are complex biological molecules that store and transmit genetic information in all living organisms. They are essential for the survival and reproduction of life on Earth. The two main ...

Studying how single DNA molecules behave helps us to better understand genetic disorders and design better drugs. Until now however, examining DNA molecules one-by-one was a slow process.

A change in the DNA sequence of a codon may not change the corresponding amino acid residue in the encoded protein because each residue can be encoded by several codons. This is called the Wobble ...

The National Plant Genome Initiative was launched in 1998 as a long-term project to explore DNA structure and function in plants so that useful properties of plants can be understood, improved, and ...